GENEALOGY
Spanish pidgin
Papiamento used by illiterates in
99% of Curacao
1499-1950
Spanish
used by functionally-literates in 99% of
PR 1493-1950
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The surname KIRING DONGO (written in Dutch Papiamento pidgin) came into archive existence in the 1758 pre-abolition manumitted slave register. Maria Magdalena, a Black slave of Nathaniel ELLIS, requests the surname of KIRING DONGO spelled in Papiamento. The meaning for KIRING is unclear but the meaning for DONGO is Dutch for DONCKER. Maria Magdalena is the only one in 1758 and one of the very few (perhaps 1%) that requested and/or was given a surname usually a European surname and Maria Magdalena is the only one found that was given a split surname in Papiamento a non-standardized-in-spelling-for-400-yrs Spanish Creole pidgin vernacular of mostly (99.9%) illiterate people who later and only recently (1980) became somewhat literate. The surname quickly becomes QUIRINDONGO 1780 in PR and KIRINDONGO in Curacao (1800) the one word surname KIRINDONGO. It is also curious that ONLY Maria Magdalena requests, is given and has the KIRING DONGO Papiamento surname in the Curacao manumitted slave register over one hundred (100) yrs BEFORE abolition and no other surname comes close in any spelling variation nor appears in the manumitted slave register at any time BEFORE 1863 abolition,
The fact that Sub-Sahara Africa Blacks had taken on surnames (not their
master’s surname) in Europe, Peru and Mexico before 1600 shows that a system
was in place very early in these countries for Sub-Sahara Africa Blacks and others to gain their freedom.
Curacao also had a system of Slaves buying
out from their master’s bondage before abolition but not for surnames as early
as 1700 - one hundred fifty
(150) yrs prior to abolition as the Curacao's
pre-abolition manumission register shows. The West Indies and especially
Curacao in particular did not have a system for adding an independent surname
describing their Race nor their African heritage.
This means that in Europe, Mexico, Ecuador,
Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay where Blacks were less than
one (1%) of the population surnames were required from first and second
generation illiterate Blacks who remembered Africa in the various European and
New World countries circa 1550 three hundred (300) yrs before abolition unlike
Curacao where Blacks were more than four hundred (400%) of the population. In
1789 the population of the Whites peaked at circa four thousand (3,964) and the
Black population peaked at over sixteen thousand (16,5800). Source:
Hartog (1968), p. 222
In Curacao before abolition there seems to be the custom of manumitted Blacks taking on no surnames and of the few that chose surnames they are in either European Dutch, Jewish, Portuguese, Spanish or perhaps also in indigenous Amerindian Caiquetio place-names all in Papiamento. ie. CURAZAO ARUBA therefore all migrants from Curacao to PR may have been from the KIRINDONGO town and not surnamed at first in Curacao before entering PR and for this reason did not have the Dutch origin of KIRING DONGO in their oral history.
ALL White drifters, Jews, reprobates, criminals and adventurers in Curacao (of which there were many) as well as the Black Slaves were completely illiterate people who took quickly to the Spanish Creole pidgin vernacular Papiamento prior to 1800 and some but very few became at most functionally literate able only to sign their names after 1800. Overall, while the New World, Europe including Holland in general and the USA in particular engaged in a school program, the West Indies and Curacao in particular remained a 3rd world illiterate country. All 99.9% of these illiterates and functionally literate people in Curacao did not appear nor wanted to appear on any official documents until the abolition of 1863 when Blacks were freed and Whites were paid for their slaves as the Dutch Government seemed more benign.
We have a famous documented Conquistador Francisco Pizarro who was
a famous illiterate who is found in History ledgers only because of his huge
discoveries in Peru.
Illiteracy and Ethnocentrism has always posed big problems in Genealogy. In the case
of my surname QUIRINDONGO, the Spanish pidgin Papiamento vernacular aspect
confuses the issue because if we put it together with non-standard Curacao
Dutch Papiamento archives and prejudicial ethnocentric definitions by NAAM and
unprofessional guesswork involving Curacao History, anyone would realize it
must have taken a more than functionally illiterate person to sign such a long
unusual name-surname. It must have meant something special to somebody at its
inception before 1758 whether village or surname.
When we look at
ancient historical records we have atypical irregular Curacao Spanish pidgin
Papiamento vernacular name-surname and village-name interpreted differently by
Curacao Dutch scribes in unprofessionally written Dutch Papiamento. The
structure of Curacao Papiamento, which is spelled differently by different
people at different times in History, confuses everyone, insiders, outsiders
and historians. The disarray includes native Curacao “experts” who only
recently became literate who see nothing wrong in different spellings for the
same word. The mostly Black Curacao “experts” and self-styled Curacao Oral
Historians capriciously interpret the sparse documentation with afro-centric leanings.
Confusion increases even further if we rely predominantly on recent (1950-70)
slanted-with-bias towards sub-Sahara Africa
“meaningful analysis” Oral History from Padre Brenneker.
The confusion over the original KIRING DONGO runs the gamut:
1. Caiquetio Amerindian
meaning “fresh water oasis.”
2. Spanish meaning “secret
lover” QUERINDONGO.
3. Caiquetio Amerindian and Dutch meaning “oasis of
DONCKER.”
4. colloquial Amerindian Spanish Papiamento for
“oasis.”
5. surname taken from a village-name KIRINDONGO
in written Dutch Papiamento
6. a village-name in written Dutch Papiamento
taken from surname KIRING DONGO.
7. KIRING
may be the Dutch surname KRING
or the German surname KIRING
8. two surnames in written Dutch Papiamento
“QUIRIJN DONCKER.”
9. a name and a surname in written Dutch
Papiamento “Quirijn DONCKER.”
10. Kikongo African.
11. Africa in general.
Most likely
European Dutch surname KRING
or the the European German surname KIRING
plus a European Dutch surname DONCKER…
Manumitted
pre-abolition Slave Register. Search (zoek) Dongo.
QUIRINDONGO on the
other hand came into archive existence and has remained constant in spelling
since 1780 in PR spelled in Spanish a standardized language.
There was a prominent presence of the surname DONCKER spelled with a redundant “ck” there in Curacao and the Netherlands Antilles at the time in 1634. DONCKER spelled that way with “ck” is extinct in Curacao today. The fact that there existed a Governor Jan DONCKER in 1673-1679 and that there also existed a locality perhaps concurrently and after called WANDONGO is important. Both DONCKER and WANDONGO are now extinct. The possibility exists that WANDONGO the locality became KIRING DONGO before 1758. DONGO in Papiamento easily points to DONCKER without any problem if we follow the logic of phonetically telling an illiterate person to say DONCKER and then to spell it as it sounds (which is the Papiamento dynamic) and also when we point to the locality of WANDONGO. There was a prominent presence of the surname DONCKER there in Curacao and the Netherlands Antilles at the time in 1634. DONGO easily points to Doncker in Papiamento without much of a problem if we follow the same Papiamento spelling logic. It is also noteworthy that the ending DONGO never changes in script within ALL variations in Curacao since 1758.
But Kiring is another matter. If it was a place name… KIRING must have preceded the Dutch DONCKER in 1634 and the 1499 Spanish presence. KIRING is a German surname and QUIRING is Ukrainian-Russian but they seems incompatible as surnames or name to have a presence in Curacao in every way here.
ALL 99.9% White drifters, Jews, reprobates, criminals and adventurers in Curacao (of which there were many) as well as the Black Slaves were completely illiterate people who took quickly to the Spanish Creole pidgin vernacular Papiamento prior to 1800 and some but very few became at most functionally literate able only to sign their names after 1800. Overall, while the New World, Europe including Holland in general and the USA in particular engaged in a school program, the West Indies and Curacao in particular remained a 3rd world illiterate country. All 99.9% of these illiterates and functionally literate people in Curacao did not appear nor wanted to appear on any official documents until the abolition of 1863 when Blacks were freed and Whites were paid for their slaves as the Dutch Government seemed more benign.
We have a famous documented Conquistador Francisco Pizarro who was
a famous illiterate who is found in History ledgers only because of his huge
discoveries in Peru.
Altho’ we can point to the Dutch QUIRIJN as Papiamento KIRING… it falls flat because of a hard “g” and a Taino Caiquetio place-name possibility is superimposed. We know KIRING is an early attempt at Papiamento but if it is then the “g” would have been dropped also QUIRIJN in Dutch has no “g” sound. The “g” looms most vital when we point out that an “ing” ending is also foreign to the Spanish tongue. The Spaniards also change “m” to “n” when saying i.e. “William.” … so KIRIMGE or the English “cream” then a hard “g” phonetically is also possible. There had to be originally a hard “g.” The “g” ending of KIRING spelled in Papiamento in 1758 looms even more essential in finding the surname starting point when we see that the “g” is dropped quickly and KIRING DONGO becomes the one word place-name and surname KIRINDONGO, a word much easier for illiterate people to say.
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Papiamento as a pidgin Spanish language for ALL
seasons in Curacao invented by Jews
Because of the lower educational level of the
government and absence of schooling over three (3) centuries in Curacao, the
same bastardization of language from Spanish to pidgin by illiterate people
occurred in Curacao as it happened with English in Jamaica only more so. The
added introduction of a distinct lettering of old Dutch to the Spanish pidgin
vernacular quickly destroyed the written Spanish root in 1634 in only one sense
(the written Papiamento form) and gave the impression of a new different
dialect or language when seen in print by the intelligentsia of Curacao. While
Papiamento has always stayed akin to Spanish phonetically, a new Germanic
script Dutch element had been introduced. The Curacao intelligentsia minority
was unable and unwilling to change the vernacular of Papiamento. The vernacular
Papiamento was used by Jews and a majority illiterate Black population. The
”hoi poloi” common people promoted unopposed ethnocentrically a pseudo African
element to explain the un-Spanish look of the Dutch Papiamento script. This is
similar to “old Spanish” of the Sephardic Jews in the Middle East and America
if we leave out the Race and illiteracy issue who only know and use the
phonetic vernacular of their parents and promote a pseudo Hebraic element
versus the current standardized Spanish of Spain.
It also explains why the myriad of 1,000 dialects and languages in the
sub-Sahara Africa because of remoteness, primitive culture, the lack for eons
of schooling, literacy and standardization was unable to contribute to Papiamento
significantly.
We can see as
well that the recent forced introduction of unstandardized Papiamento unopposed
ethnocentrically in public schools in 1996 has hurt the general public higher
education of Curacao when we point out the added difficulty of learning yet
other European languages or the attractive lure of going abroad to get
professional higher education in Dutch and English or for that matter Spanish
and be in a better position to research advanced scientific writings.
Since there was no
African or Amerindian script, the only History we can garner is from the
Spanish script in PR and later Curacao Dutch script records which may contain
biased inaccuracies.
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History
of Papiamento
Before
1500 the Sephardic Portuguese Jews
first used Papiamento in the Slave trade in Africa
Before 1600
the Sephardic Portuguese-Spanish Jews used
Papiamento in Brazil
and the Caribbean
Before 1700
the Sephardic and Ashkenazy Jews made Curacao its headquarters
1500 to present the Sephardic Jews continued using Papiamento
sub-Sahara Africa Slaves arrived in the New World
after 1500 with no standard language
sub-Sahara Africa Slaves contribution to Papiamento
meager to non-existent
A search produces no KIRINDONGO but hundreds of QUIRINDONGO proving
1.) QUIRINDONGO became literate before KIRINDONGO
2.) QUIRINDONGO existed before KIRINDONGO
3.) KIRING DONGO circa 1758 split surname predates ALL variations in script
4.) KIRING is Papiamento for unrecognized word perhaps meaning “oasis”
5.) DONGO is Papiamento for the Dutch DONCKER
6.) that there are 40 DONCKER archived in the Netherlands Antilles 1650-1850
7.) QUIRINDONGO was born in PR 1780 but originated in Curacao
8.) KIRINDONGO area and surname circa 1800 is peculiar only to Curacao.
KRING is the Dutch word for “ring” but it seems to be a false cognate altho’ my Aunt Mercedes told me various times that the KIRING was “Dutch for KRING ” My Uncle Cheo changed his name to KRINGDON and said it is much closer to the “original Dutch.” Both now deceased may have meant Dutch Papiamento and therefore truthful. Also “Kring” is difficult to say in Spanish or pidgin Papiamento.
No other variations of KIRINDONGO found originating from any other area but Curacao.
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“the white or Native American majority over time blurred considerably the obvious ethnic distinctions.”
In Mexico, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia,
Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, the black sector constituted less than
1 percent of the population. In Central America, coastal Colombia, Venezuela,
Brazil, and the Caribbean, the black concentration ranged from 2 percent
(Honduras) to 99 percent (Haiti). People of mixed African, European, and Native
American ancestry, however, had ceased to be counted as
"black."
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The Papiamento
surname BARIEDONGO
BARRIO DONCKER? appears in Curacao and Venezuela. (claims father changed
surname from KIRINDONGO) There are no Bariedongo in present day Curacao.
YONKERS from the Dutch Van der Donck near NYC is a similar sounding Dutch word
Dongan
hills in NYC is a variant of DONCKER.
Dongo, AKA Paul van Dongen,
in Curacao
People in Curacao with “dong”
included in surname
People in Curacao with “donk” included
in surname
Altho' all QUIRINDONGO from Curacao are included and
listed here, we must stress that they did not obtain their surname from the
same place or procedure.
1) Some were given the surname when freed in abolition 1863 in Curacao
2) Some acquired the surname thru' marriage
3) Some can say they can trace their lineage with no documentation to before Maria Magdalena 1758 in Curacao
4) Some have the oral history of QUIRINDONGO being a combination of two (2) Dutch surnames
5) Others say that Quirindongo is the combination of a place-name (Amerindian) and the surname Doncker
In any case there is no unifying family origin uncovered so far except for the Quirindongo of El Rucio in Peńuelas PR which I can trace back to Alejandro circa 1840 and perhaps to before 1794 with Juan Pedro of Curacao. The surname origin comes from the Papiamento place-name KIRINDONGO in Curacao during or before Governor Jan DONCKER circa 1650. The ethnicity of the split surname KIRING DONGO and place-name KIRINDONGO seems to be Dutch spelled in Papiamento. QUIRINDONGO is the PR 1780 Spanish spelling innovation.
Facts stated but not in
evidence:
Wandongo and Kirindongo Abou are
the same area
Juan
Pedro is a phenotypic White man
El Rucio is the land grant from
the Cedula de Gracias
Maria Magdalena is Nicolas’s
mother
